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Authors
Kinugasa, Yusuke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7885-2276
Uehara, Kay https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9669-5860
Yamaguchi, Kensei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-5709
Saito, Yutaka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2296-8373
Murofushi, Keiko
Sugai, Tamotsu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4896-3557
Ishiguro, Megumi
Ishihara, Soichiro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0543-0045
Ueno, Hideki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-1199
Oka, Shiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1652-0743
Kato, Takeshi
Kanemitsu, Yukihide https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3366-3826
Kawakami, Hisato https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-4850
Kobayashi, Hirotoshi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6331-6887
Sakamoto, Yoshihiro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7279-9702
Shiozawa, Manabu https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1912-5948
Shiomi, Akio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5657-8686
Shinozaki, Eiji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7448-5894
Takiyama, Hirotoshi
Taniguchi, Hiroya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1407-6682
Nakajima, Takako Eguchi
Hotta, Kinichi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5608-0968
Matsuda, Keiji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1507-1077
Murata, Kohei
Morita, Satoshi
Yamazaki, Kentaro
Yoshida, Masahiro
Yamaguchi, Naohiko
Kagawa, Hiroyasu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8741-8992
Yamauchi, Shinichi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-5323
Ajioka, Yoichi
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Article History
Received: 29 August 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 4 November 2025
Declarations
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: YK received honoraria from Johnson & Johnson Medtech K.K., Intuitive Surgical G.K., and Medtronic Japan Co., Ltd., received a research funding from Medicaroid Co., Ltd. KU received honoraria from Eli Lilly Japan K.K. YS received honoraria from Olympus Marketing Inc., Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH, Fuji Pharma Co., Ltd., and FUJIFILM Corporation, received research funding from Olympus Corporation. SI received honoraria from Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and EA Pharma Co., Ltd., received a research funding from AbbVie G.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Johnson & Johnson Medtech K.K., and Zeria Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. TK received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., and Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. HK received honoraria from Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Bayer Yakuhin Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., MSD K.K., Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd. Merck Biopharma Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Yakult Pharmaceutical Industry, Teijin Pharma Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Amgen Inc., Novartis International AG., and Astellas Pharma Inc., received research funding from Eisai Co., Ltd., Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation, and Astellas Pharma Inc. MS received honoraria from Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Merck Biopharma Co., Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. ES received honoraria from Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Merck Biopharma Co., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., TAKATA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chepra., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Guardant Health, Inc. and MSD K.K. AS received honoraria from Johnson & Johnson Medtech K.K., Intuitive Surgical G.K. and Sysmex Corporation. HT received honoraria from Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. and Eli Lilly Japan K.K., received research funding from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. and Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.. Takako Eguchi Nakajima received research funding from Toregem BioPharma Co., Ltd.、IQVIA Solutions Japan K.K., KBBM, Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Immunohelix Co,. Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and BTB Therapeutics Inc. KH received research funding from Nippon Chemiphar Co., Ltd. SM received honoraria from AstraZeneca K.K.. Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., MSD K.K. and Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. KY received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Merck & Co., Inc., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., MSD K.K. and Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Ltd. HK received honoraria from Johnson & Johnson Medtech K.K. and Intuitive Surgical G.K. The other authors declare no conflict of interest. Measures for conflicts of interest: The Guideline Committee and the Guideline Evaluation Committee were organized with members from a diverse range of disciplines, including surgery, internal medicine, radiology, and pathology, to minimize biased opinions. Each recommendation was determined not by individual opinion but through voting by all committee members, with consensus prioritized. When voting on CQ, conflicts related to economic and academic interests were confirmed for each CQ, and members with conflicts of interest abstained from voting.
