Rikitake, Ryoko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0232-8283
Mizushima, Yu
Sakai, Toshihiko
Higashi, Takahiro
Funding for this research was provided by:
The University of Tokyo
Article History
Received: 11 December 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 18 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Takahiro Higashi serves as an Associate Editor of the International Journal of Clinical Oncology . He reports no other competing interests. All other authors declare no competing interests.
: This study complied with legal and regulatory requirements and was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of our institute. The dataset was used with permission from the Data Utilization Committee of the Hospital-based Cancer Registry.