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Authors
Paull, J. O.
Graham, A.
Parascandola, S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-8502
Hota, S.
Stein, S.
Umapathi, B.
Abdullah, A.
Pudalov, N.
Obias, V.
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Article History
Received: 10 September 2019
Accepted: 20 February 2020
First Online: 4 March 2020
Compliance with ethical standards
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: Author V. Obias is a consultant for Intuitive Surgical and Medrobotics. Authors J. Paull, S. Parascandola, A. Graham, S. Hota, N. Pudalov, S Stein, B. Umapathi MD, and A. Abdullah declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee [The George Washington University Committee on Human Research, Institutional Review Board (IRB), FWA00005945] and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
