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Authors
Yeh, J.-H.
Hsu, C.-W.
Shen, C.-S.
Tsai, K.-F.
Cheng, I.-C.
Chen, T.-H.
Chou, C.-K.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
E-Da Dachang Hospital (EDDHP114002)
E-Da Hospital (EDAHS113031and EDAHS113041)
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Article History
Received: 4 July 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 27 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital (No. 2021023), the Institutional Review Board at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital (no. KSVGH23-CT6-01) and the Institutional Rreview Board at E-Da DaChang Hospital (no. EMRP-113-073).
: The need for informed consent was waived owing to the use of anonymized data.
