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Authors
Lee, Ming-Hung
Chang, Yu-Yao
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Article History
Received: 10 September 2025
Accepted: 27 December 2025
First Online: 12 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study used secondary, anonymized data, with no direct patient involvement. The use of de-identified data complies with ethical research standards and aligns with data protection regulations, as it was originally collected for purposes other than this specific study.
