Sasaki, Takaya
Tsuboi, Nobuo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5407-5265
Kanzaki, Go
Haruhara, Kotaro
Okabayashi, Yusuke
Koike, Kentaro
Kobayashi, Akimitsu
Yamamoto, Izumi
Ogura, Makoto
Hoy, Wendy E.
Bertram, John F.
Shimizu, Akira
Yokoo, Takashi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kidney Foundation, Japan (JP25461236)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP16K0936)
Article History
Received: 30 July 2018
Accepted: 25 December 2018
First Online: 12 January 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest in association with the present study.
: All procedures performed in the present study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board of The Jikei University School of Medicine (IRB Approval No. 30–060, 9081) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.
: Since the present study is a retrospective cross-sectional study using only past clinical data, it does not involve invasion or intervention. Therefore, document or verbal consent from each study subject is not required. In accordance with “Ethical guidelines for medical and health research involving human subjects (the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology/the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan, revised in 2017)”, by posting documents at conspicuous places in the hospital, we notified study subjects of study content so that they could easily understand it, and guaranteed opportunities for them to refuse it (opt out). If there was an offer that they would not want to be a subject of the study, we quickly excluded the subject’s data from the analysis and did not use their clinical information in this study.