Usui, Tomoko http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-5578
Iseki, Chiho
Iseki, Kunitoshi
Kawakami, Koji
Nangaku, Masaomi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Pfizer Health Research Foundation (Pfizer Health Research Foundation grant)
Article History
Received: 8 March 2019
Accepted: 23 July 2019
First Online: 5 August 2019
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: Advisory role: KK (Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories); stock ownership: KK (School Health Record Center, Real World Data); honoraria and manuscript fee: MN (Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Daiichi Sankyo, MSD KK, Astellas Pharma, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma); research funding: scholarship or donation: KK (Olympus, Bayer Yakuhin, Cmic, Novartis Pharma, Suntory Beverage & Food, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Medical Platform, Stella Pharma, Amgen Astellas BioPharma), MN (Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Astellas Pharma, Bayer Yakuhin, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, Takeda). The remaining authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Ethics Committee of Kyoto University Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine (R1332).
: This study was performed according to Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects enacted by Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan [CitationRef removed]. Due to the difficulty to obtain written or oral informed consent from the study subjects who participated between 1993 and 1996, and information provided from Okinawa Health Promotion Foundation was anonymized. According to the guidelines, the investigators are not necessarily required to obtain informed consent from the subjects.