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Authors
Shimoda, Takahiro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1914-9721
Tomida, Kouki
Nakajima, Chika
Kawakami, Ayuka
Shimada, Hiroyuki
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP23K19916, JP26702033)
Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (H24-tyoujyu-ippan-004)
Research Institute of Science and Technology for Society
National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology (26-33, 27-22, 28-30, 21-26, 24-18, 25-26)
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (JP15dk0207019, JP18dk0110021, JP18le0110004)
the Funds of Obu City Local Government
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Article History
Received: 18 March 2025
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that no conflict of interest exists.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee at which the studies were conducted (IRB approval number 1440–7) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
