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Article History

Received: 8 June 2025

Accepted: 14 January 2026

First Online: 29 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.

: Given the retrospective nature of the study, informed consent was obtained using an opt-out approach. Specifically, details of the study were made publicly available on the hospital’s website, allowing patients the opportunity to decline participation.

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethics Committee of Kokura Memorial Hospital (IRB approval number 24122401) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.