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Authors
Nomura, Nozomi
Fujinaga, Shuichiro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2957-3705
Miyano, Hiroki
Ohtomo, Yoshiyuki
Hirano, Daishi
Nakagawa, Mayu
Sakuraya, Koji
Endo, Amane
Shoji, Hiromichi
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Article History
Received: 1 September 2025
Accepted: 16 January 2026
First Online: 25 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Biological Research Involving Human Subjects of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Saitama Children’s Medical Center (approval no. 2021–06-004).
: The Institutional Review Board waived the requirement for informed consent due to the retrospective nature of this study.
: The present study complies with the guidelines for human studies. This study does not contain any studies with animals.
