Xu, Mingbin
Li, Daoyuan
He, Shuming
Li, Chengyang
Article History
Received: 21 November 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 24 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: This retrospective observational study was approved by the institutional ethics committee (Approval Number 2025-K131-01). The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the use of anonymized data and the non-interventional retrospective study design. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.
: Not applicable.