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Article History

Received: 7 October 2019

Accepted: 13 June 2020

First Online: 22 June 2020

Compliance with ethical standards

:

: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: The current research has been carried out under the approval of the Animal Experiment Ethic Committee of the University of Haifa (Permit No. 561/18). All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. Tortoises were collected from several pet zoos under the legal authorization of the Israeli Nature and Parks Authority. At the end of this study, tortoises have been kept in the facilities of Oranim College and used in a long-term breeding experiment.