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Authors
Kobayashi, Yuya https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5041-8920
Hosoda, Chisaki
Kohda, Masanori https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-0088
Awata, Satoshi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3254-7943
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23KJ1838)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22H02703)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23H03868)
JST SPRING (JPMJSP2139-RS22A027)
Japan Science Society (2021-4082)
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Article History
Received: 12 July 2025
Accepted: 8 October 2025
First Online: 18 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
: The protocol used in this study was not subject to the university’s ethical regulations; therefore, approval from the ethics committee was not required. However, the present study was conducted using a method that did not cause stress to the target organism. No fish or sea anemones were sacrificed in this study, because the study used behavioral data collected non-invasively from animals. The fieldwork at the study site was approved by the local fisheries cooperative associations.
