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Authors
Hamao, Shoji https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6191-7558
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for Promotion of Science (23K11517)
National Museum of Nature and Science (Integrated Research Project (Adaptive trends)
National Museum of Nature and Science (evolution)
National Museum of Nature and Science (modelling of organisms to respond natural)
National Museum of Nature and Science (artificial environments))
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Article History
Received: 3 September 2025
Accepted: 10 December 2025
First Online: 23 December 2025
Change Date: 31 December 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: The author's name in the reference (Dulisz et al. 2016) has been corrected.
Declarations
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: I declare that I have no conflict of interest.
: The field study complies with the current laws of Japan and does not require any specific ethical approval from any government agencies. The protocol of measuring the flight initiation distances adhered to the Regulations on Animal Experimentation of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan.
