Islam, Shareeful
Sardar, Bilal
Kalogeraki, Eleni Maria
Lampropoulos, Kostas
Papastergiou, Spyridon
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Union’s Horizon Europe Programme, CyberSecDome (101120779)
European Union’s Digital Europe Programme, CURIUM (101190372)
European Union’s Horizon Europe Programme,CUSTODES (101120684)
European Union’s Digital Europe Programme, EuDoros (101158605)
Article History
Received: 24 November 2025
Accepted: 15 January 2026
First Online: 10 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors would like to announce no conflict of interest.
: This article does not contain any examinations with human members or animals performed by any of the authors.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The complete source code generated during this work, implementing the hybrid AI-based dynamic risk assessment framework and the associated Explainable AI (XAI) operationalization techniques, is publicly available to support reproducibility. The repository, which includes the ensemble learning modules, GPT-3.5 integration logic, and automated audit evidence generation scripts, can be accessed at: .