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Authors
Chu, Chuanmin
Lu, Bingnan
Fu, Wenjia
Li, Muchen
Dong, Keqin
Lyu, Donghao
Yao, Yuntao
Li, Yuanan
Liu, Yifan
Pan, Xiuwu
Chen, Ming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82072806)
Shanghai Rising-Star Program (23QC1401400)
Jiangsu Province High-Level Hospital Construction Funds (GSP-LCYJFH11)
Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline and Laboratory Construction Funds of Urology (2023YXZDXK02)
National clinical key discipline construction funds (CZXM‐ZK‐47)
Nanjing Key Science and Technology Special Project (Life and Health), Medical-Engineering Collaborative Project (202305033)
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Article History
Received: 28 May 2025
Accepted: 3 July 2025
First Online: 22 July 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, as revised by the World Medical Association. Written informed consent to participate was obtained from all of the participants in the study. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (XHEC-C-2021-145-1). All authors confirmed that all methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.
