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Authors
Guo, Yicheng
Wang, Bin
Ding, Guixin
Zhang, Yanwei
Wang, Yini
Ma, Xiaohong
Wu, Jitao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82370690, 82303813)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82370690, 82303813)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82370690, 82303813)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82370690, 82303813)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82370690, 82303813)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82370690, 82303813)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 82370690, 82303813)
Shandong Science and Technology Program (No. ZR2023MH241)
Shandong Science and Technology Program (No. ZR2023MH241)
Shandong Science and Technology Program (No. ZR2023MH241)
Shandong Science and Technology Program (No. ZR2023MH241)
Shandong Science and Technology Program (No. ZR2023MH241)
Shandong Science and Technology Program (No. ZR2023MH241)
Shandong Science and Technology Program (No. ZR2023MH241)
Science and Technology Innovation and Development Plan of Yantai (No. 2022YD024)
Science and Technology Innovation and Development Plan of Yantai (No. 2022YD024)
Science and Technology Innovation and Development Plan of Yantai (No. 2022YD024)
Science and Technology Innovation and Development Plan of Yantai (No. 2022YD024)
Science and Technology Innovation and Development Plan of Yantai (No. 2022YD024)
Science and Technology Innovation and Development Plan of Yantai (No. 2022YD024)
Science and Technology Innovation and Development Plan of Yantai (No. 2022YD024)
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Article History
Received: 23 December 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in strict compliance with the ethical guidelines established by the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to study initiation, written consent forms were obtained from all enrolled subjects following full disclosure of research protocols. The institutional review board at Qingdao University-affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital reviewed and authorized all experimental processes.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Written informed consent for publication was obtained from the patients whose data or samples were used in this study.
