Haridy, Mohamed F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8361-1557
Mohamed, Ahmed Refaat https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0771-6047
Saber, Shehabeldin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1465-3198
Schafer, Edgar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-2345
Swelam, Samar Elsayed https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1908-0249
Haridy, Youssef M. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4396-6961
Ahmed, Hend S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2116-4253
Funding for this research was provided by:
British University in Egypt
Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 19 July 2025
First Online: 16 August 2025
Declarations
:
: None.
: The study was conducted after receiving the approval of the ethical committee at the faculty of dentistry at the British University in Egypt (approval no. 21-023).
: All extracted teeth used in this study were from patients who informed that their teeth would be used for a laboratory study and signed a written informed consent to use their extracted teeth for scientific purposes.