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Authors
Memon, Maaz Anwer
Shahidan, Wan Nazatul Shima
Mizusawa, Noriko
Kannan, Thirumulu Ponnuraj
Mahmood, Rizwan
Mustaffa, Khairul Mohd Fadzli
Ashraf, Usman
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2022/SKK06/USM/03/2)
Universiti Sains Malaysia
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Article History
Received: 31 August 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that there are no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
