Candito, Antonio
Mun, Timothy Sum-Hon
Holbrey, Richard
Doran, Simon
Messiou, Christina
Koh, Dow-Mu
Blackledge, Matthew D.
Funding for this research was provided by:
International Accelerator Award funded by Cancer Research UK (C56167/A29363)
Article History
Received: 17 April 2025
Revised: 17 September 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 16 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Patient consent was waived; study was conducted with retrospective data only and researchers only had access to de-identified data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The manuscript refers to an anonymised GitHub repository (“[blinded for review]”) that is essential for understanding and evaluating the core contributions of this work. The actual repository is available here: The related prior tool, pyOsiriX, mentioned in the manuscript as a previous solution, is also hosted at: These links are redacted in the manuscript text to comply with double-blind review policy and can be reinstated upon acceptance.