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Authors
Emam, Zohal Alnour Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1601-7424
Ada, Emel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-1472
Çavuşoğlu, Berrin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1997-8861
Pehlivanoğlu, Burçin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6535-8845
Selver, M. Alper https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8445-0388
Akgüngör, Kadir https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-4405
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Dokuz Eylül University
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Article History
Received: 28 September 2025
Revised: 11 March 2026
Accepted: 13 March 2026
First Online: 13 April 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Interventional Ethics Committee of the Research Ethics Review Board at a tertiary-care university hospital (Protocol No. 2021/22–35; 28 July 2021). The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The Institutional Review Board waived the requirement for written informed consent, as all evaluations were performed on anonymized retrospective clinical and imaging data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
