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Article History

Received: 16 April 2025

Revised: 2 October 2025

Accepted: 30 October 2025

First Online: 5 November 2025

Declarations

:

: There are no competing interests to declare. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

: This study complied with all current Portuguese laws and regulations. All data collected for this study were obtained using minimally invasive methods. Birds were not handled. They were habituated to the presence of humans, as the colony is situated in a heavily utilised tourist area.