Marcano-Delgado, Michelle https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8045-385X
Ramirez, Juan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3455-4354
Real, Raimundo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-1284
Muñoz, Antonio-Román https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0253-7632
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universidad de Málaga
Article History
Received: 16 January 2025
Revised: 11 November 2025
Accepted: 16 January 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that non-financial interests exist that could be perceived as influencing the work reported in this manuscript.
: Capture and marking procedures were carried out with authorizations granted by regional authorities (Consejería de Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Desarrollo Sostenible, Junta de Andalucía). To minimize stress on the vultures, handling time was kept to a minimum. All the individuals were captured and tagged outside the breeding season to avoid influencing their behavior during this critical period.