Obłoza, Przemysław https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2640-392X
Mirski, Paweł https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1251-6365
Krupiński, Dominik
Korniluk, Michał https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-0931
Siekiera, Joachim
Kasprzykowski, Zbigniew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4783-8906
Article History
Received: 23 January 2026
Revised: 4 June 2026
Accepted: 9 July 2026
First Online: 24 July 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval: This research was conducted in accordance with the guidelines set out in The National Action Plan for the Conservation of the Eurasian Curlew (Lewtak et al. ). All headstarted Curlews were ringed and tagged by licensed bird ringers, in line with permits issued by the General Directorate for Environmental Protection (DZP-WG.6401.03.98.2016.km, DZP-WG.6401.03.97.2017.jro, DZP-WG.6401.03.2.2018.jro, DZP-WG.6401.102.2020.TŁ). Activities related to headstarting––including egg collection, artificial incubation, bird rearing, and release into the wild––were carried out under permits issued by the General Directorate for Environmental Protection (DZP-WG.6401.03.6.2017.dł, DZP-WG.6401.03.9.2017.dł, DZP-WG.6401.95.2021.WW.2).