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Re-visiting the ancient forest: the analysis of basal area increment reveals the present oak old growth of the Białowieża forest interior recruited amongst pioneering trees

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-025-01834-w

Published Online: 2025-10-24

Published Print: 2025-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Bobiec, Andrzej https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-0167
Pilch, Kamil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5728-4521
Wójcik, Sebastian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2425-9626
Korol, Mykola https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9023-0840
Havryliuk, Serhii https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-0624
Vitas, Adomas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2868-7337
Wróbel, Aleksandra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0307-4035
Podlaski, Rafał https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6957-3902
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (N N309 295534)

National Science Centre, Poland (DEC-2013/11/B/NZ9/00793, DEC-2013/11/B/NZ9/00793, DEC-2013/11/B/NZ9/00793)
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-10-24

Version of Record valid from 2025-10-24
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Article History

Received: 28 April 2025

Revised: 18 August 2025

Accepted: 27 September 2025

First Online: 24 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.

: The authors consent for publication.

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