Zanni, Michele http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0885-6033
Brivio, Francesca http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1449-8335
Berzi, Duccio
Calderola, Sonia
Luccarini, Siriano
Costanzi, Liliana
Dartora, Fabio
Apollonio, Marco
Article History
Received: 27 March 2023
Revised: 12 May 2023
Accepted: 16 May 2023
First Online: 2 June 2023
Declarations
:
: This research complies with all national and regional laws dealing with ethics and animal welfare. Capture and manipulation protocols were approved by The Italian Ministry of Environment on 5.7.2018 n 0014897 for wolves captures, on 16.8.2022 n 0089653 for the dissuasive action. The research adhered to the ASAB/ABS Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Research.
: The authors declare no competing interests.