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Authors
Melcore, Ilaria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-878X
Angotti, Anna
Bellè, Alex https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6819-5700
Bertolino, Sandro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1063-8281
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Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Revised: 21 August 2025
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 16 September 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures involving animal handling were conducted in accordance with current Italian legislation on animal research. The project was evaluated by the Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA: 22124/T-A312018, 0081242/2024), and animal handling was carried out with permission from the wildlife research authorities of the Gran Paradiso National Park (Authorization prot. n. 0004090/2019 of 11/10/2019, N.0001808/2022 of 29/04/2022, n. 0002386/2024 of 12/06/2024).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
