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Authors
Selvarajah, Kushaal
Baek, Seung-Yun
Takada, Hayato
Kim, Dongmin
Yamada, Yusaku
Koike, Shinsuke
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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Article History
Received: 26 March 2025
Revised: 4 September 2025
Accepted: 20 September 2025
First Online: 3 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All research procedures were conducted in strict accordance with ethical guidelines for animal welfare. The capture of Japanese serows involved immobilization using a tranquilizer gun with xylazine-ketamine, administered by a trained veterinarian. Capture and collaring operations were performed under two distinct permits issued by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government: (a) permits for the capture of special natural monuments (2020-KYOUTIKAN682, 2021-KYOUTIKAN2049, 2022-KYOUTIKAN241, 2023-KYOUTIKAN1966, 2024-KYOUTIKAN2921) and (b) permits for the capture of wild animals (2020-KANTAJIHO374, 2021-KANTAJIHO68, 2022-KANTAJIHO224, 2023-KANTAJIHO284, 2024-KANTAJIHO274). All animal handling and experimental procedures rigorously complied with relevant national regulations (the Mammalogical Society of Japan 2009) and international guidelines, including those of the American Society of Mammalogists (Sikes and Gannon ). Throughout the research process, every effort was made to minimize disturbance to the animals, ensuring their continued well-being.
