Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42477174)
Science and technology program of Xizang Autonomous Region (XZ202402ZD0001)
Science and technology program of Xizang Autonomous Region (XZ202301YD0034C)
Science and technology program of Xizang Autonomous Region (XZ202502YD0003)
Qinghai Province Basic Research Program Project (2024-ZJ-904)
Opening fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (SKLGP2025K018)
Open Fund of Anhui Intelligent Underground Detection Technology Research Institute (AHZT2023KF03)
Article History
Received: 1 July 2025
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 17 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.