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Article History

Received: 6 October 2024

Accepted: 24 February 2025

First Online: 1 August 2025

Declarations

:

: S. Nakao, Grants or contracts to the author’s institution (Alcon, HANDAYA, HOYA, IWAKI OPTICAL, JFC Sales Plan, Kowa, Otsuka, Santen, Seed, Senju, TOMEY, WAKAMOTO), Consulting fees (Alcon, Bayer, Chugai, Kowa, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, RIVERFIELD, Senju), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Alcon, Bayer, Chugai, JFC Sales Plan, Johnson & Johnson, Kowa, Machida Endoscope, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Otsuka, Santen, Senju, WAKAMOTO), Support for attending meetings and/or travel (Chugai, NIPRO, Novartis, Sumitomo), Patents planned, issued or pending (RIVERFIELD); K. Tadano, Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Canon), Support for attending meetings and/or travel (Kaken pharmaceutical), Stock or stock options (RIVERFIELD); K. Sonoda, Grants or contracts to the author’s institution (Santen, Senju, HOYA, WAKAMOTO, AMO, Kowa, Alcon, Otsuka, Eisai, Senju, Sand Corporation, Alcon, Otsuka), Consulting fees (Santen, Senju, Japan Tobacco Inc, Chugai, Sand Corporation, RIVERFIELD), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (AMO, Novartis, WAKAMOTO, NIDEK, Canon, TOPCON, Senju, Santen, Chugai, Bayer, Alcon, Eisai, Otsuka, Ono Pharmaceutical, Canon, Viatris, Celltrion Healthcare).