Document is current

Article History

Received: 11 June 2025

Accepted: 23 August 2025

First Online: 3 October 2025

Declarations

:

: K. Kiyohara, None; K. Ishikawa, None; K. Yuge, None; S. Yamana, Grants or contracts to the author’s institution (Santen), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Mitsubishi Tanabe, Kowa); S. Nakao, Grants or contracts to the author’s institution (Alcon, HANDAYA, HOYA, IWAKI OPTICAL, JFC Sales Plan, Kowa, Otsuka, Santen, Seed, Senju, TOMEY, Wakamoto), Consulting fees (Alcon, Bayer, Chugai, Kowa, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, RIVERFIELD, Senju), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Alcon, Bayer, Chugai, JFC Sales Plan, Johnson & Johnson, Kowa, Machida Endoscope, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Otsuka, Santen, Senju, Wakamoto), Payment for expert testimony (Hitachi General Hospital), Support for attending meetings and/or travel (Chugai, NIPRO, Novartis, Sumitomo), Patents planned, issued or pending (RIVERFIELD); K. Sonoda, Grants or contracts to the author’s institution (Santen, Senju, HOYA, Wakamoto, AMO, Kowa, Alcon, Otsuka, Eisai, Senju, Sand), Consulting fees (Santen, Senju, Japan Tobacco, Chugai, Sand, RIVERFIELD), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (AMO, Novartis, Wakamoto, NIDEK, Canon, TOPCON, Senju, Santen, Chugai, Bayer, Alcon, Eisai, Otsuka, Ono, Viatris, Celltrion Healthcare).