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Article History

Received: 9 August 2025

Accepted: 1 March 2026

First Online: 6 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Y. Ishiyama, None; S. Shirato, Consulting fees (Santen, Senju, Kowa, Otsuka); M. Aihara, Grants or contracts (Santen, Alcon, Pfizer, Otsuka, Johnson & Johnson, TOMEY, CREWT Medical Systems, Senju, Novartis, Kowa, Wakamoto, Glaukos, Ono, Sato), Consulting fees (Santen, Alcon, Kowa, Wakamoto, Glaukos, Astellas, Senju, Pfizer, Otsuka, HOYA, IRIDEX Medical Systems), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Santen, Pfizer, Otsuka, Johnson & Johnson, TOMEY, CREWT Medical Systems, Senju, Wakamoto, Glaukos, Astellas, HOYA, IRIDEX Medical Systems, Novartis, Alcon, CANON, ZEISS, Sato, Kowa), Participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board (Santen, Senju, Kowa, HOYA), Receipt of equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts or other services (Kowa, Santen); R. Sakata, Royalties or licenses (Santen), Consulting fees (Santen), Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (Santen, Senju, Otsuka, Kowa), Participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board (Santen), Receipt of equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts or other services (Santen, Kowa).