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Authors
Okamura, Akihiko
Watanabe, Masayuki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0298-1597
Okui, Jun
Matsuda, Satoru
Takemura, Ryo
Kawakubo, Hirofumi
Takeuchi, Hiroya
Muto, Manabu
Kakeji, Yoshihiro
Kitagawa, Yuko
Doki, Yuichiro
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Article History
Received: 29 September 2022
Accepted: 31 March 2023
First Online: 8 April 2023
Declarations
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: The Ethics Committee of all participating esophageal centers approved this study. Written informed consent was waived because all subjects had completed treatment, the study only used anonymized patient information, and the study was designed as a retrospective observational study with no interventions or invasive procedures. Following the Ethics Committee’s approval of this study, a document was made public to provide information about the research’s goals as well as the option to optout.
: All authors have no conflicts of interest regarding this research.
