Beller, Johannes http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3041-9895
Schäfers, Jürgen
Haier, Jörg
Geyer, Siegfried
Epping, Jelena
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)
Article History
Received: 5 December 2021
Accepted: 6 March 2022
First Online: 24 March 2022
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: Ethical approval was not necessary because only secondary data analysis of a publicly available dataset was performed. Ethics board approval was not required for the current study, because only retrospective data analysis of the completely anonymized data was conducted, and ethical approval is not mandatory for general surveys in Germany when anonymized data are analyzed. The survey did not need approval from an ethics committee because it did not meet the criteria for requiring an ethical statement (risk for the respondents, lack of information about the aims of the study, examination of patients). This rationale is supported by the German Research Foundation-guidelines available at ExternalRef removed. The survey meets the ethical standards delineated in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its amendments.
: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for this study. Data are available from ExternalRef removed with the permission of the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
: All participants gave consent to participate in the survey.