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Article History

Received: 13 September 2023

Accepted: 12 January 2024

First Online: 30 January 2024

Declarations

:

: This study was carried out according to the ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects of the WMA Declaration of Helsinki. The informed consent was obtained. Participation was voluntary, anonymity was guaranteed, and no individual data were collected. The internal review board of Tongji Medical College determined that the study was exempt from formal ethical review.

: All participants were required to sign an informed consent form to confirm and formalize their voluntary participation in the study.

: Not applicable.

: There is no conflict of interest.