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Authors
Kinzie, Paige Rudin
Lombe, Boniface
Merritt, Sydney
Halbrook, Megan
Vakaniaki, Emmanuel Hasivirwe
Mukadi, Patrick
L’k’ye, Alex Madidi
Mona, Jean
Kanonge, Daddy
Mfwangkang, Milette
Witte, Danae
Melofchik, Carleigh
Muyembe-Tamfum, Jean-Jacques
Hoff, Nicole A.
Twabela, Augustin
Mbala-Kingebeni, Placide
Hensley, Lisa E.
Rimoin, Anne W.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (DE-SC0014664)
Agricultural Research Service (58-3022-2-020)
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Article History
Received: 17 August 2024
Revised: 10 March 2026
Accepted: 1 April 2026
First Online: 7 June 2026
Declarations
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: All activities conducted by the study team were in accordance with applicable institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of animals. This research was specifically approved by the University of California, Los Angeles Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC, approval number ARC-2023–009). In the DRC, the study was approved by the Scientific Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the Université Pédagogique Nationale (Approval No. FMV/CS/023/2024) and by the Ethics Committee of the School of Public Health at the University of Kinshasa (Approval No. ESP/CE/46/2023). All applicable institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants in the study.
