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Authors
Pooh, Ritsuko K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1527-4595
Machida, Megumi
Uenishi, Kohtaro
Miyake, Takahito
Hata, Toshiyuki
Sugiyama, Rikikazu
Shiotani, Masahide
Furui, Kenji
Mukaida, Tetsunori
Yoshida, Atsumi
Koga, Fumitoshi
Nabeta, Motowo
Kyono, Koichi
Morimoto, Yoshiharu
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Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 26 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ritsuko K. Pooh has received speaking fees from GE HealthCare and holds positions in professional societies (Trustee of ISUOG; Vice President of JSUOG). All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of CRIFM Prenatal Medical Clinic (IRB No. CRI-IRB-013) and by the ethics committees of all participating institutions. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants for the use of their clinical data and ultrasound images for research purposes.
