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Article History

Accepted: 16 March 2022

First Online: 6 May 2022

Declarations

:

: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: This interviews in this study were conducted in three countries, in 2017 and 2018. At the time for the study, ethical vetting was not required for conducting the study in Sweden, Denmark and Finland. At the time for the study, in all three countries ethical vetting only included studies that processed sensitive personal data, i.e. information that revealed race or ethnic origin, political views, religious or philosophical convictions, trade union membership, health, a person’s sex life or sexual orientation, genetic information and biometric information that unequivocally identified a person. Accordingly, since the study did not process sensitive personal data, ethics approval was not applied for. However, the study followed CODEX rules and guidelines for research. Consequently, the study followed national regulations of ethical approval of research involving persons and ethical principles for research. All interviewees were therefore given full information on the study, and consented to participation (see section Consent to participate and Consent for publication).

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: Consent from participants was obtained in two stages. Stage 1: before scheduling the interview, potential participants obtained written information about the study including the purpose and aim of the study; the overall study design; why they were invited to participate (i.e. that they were asked to participate because they worked as care managers); overall subject of the interview (i.e. professional experiences of needs assessment and the implementation of choice reforms in eldercare); and information about the publication of research findings in scientific journals. The written information also included information about research ethics including: information about voluntary participation and the right to withdraw from the study, without giving a reason; recording and transcription of interviews; that recordings and full transcriptions would only be available for researchers participating in the study; research confidentiality. Further, the written information contained contact information to the participating researcher/s in the country where the interview was to be conducted. Stage 2: at the time of the interviews, the researchers obtained consent before starting the interview. The researcher reiterated the information described in stage 1, and allowed plenty of time for questions from the participants. All participants confirmed that they understood the terms and gave explicit oral consent to the study before signing a written consent.

: All participants were informed about the publication of research findings in scientific journals before consenting the study.