Funding for this research was provided by:
Wenner-Gren Foundation (7934, 8449, 8956)
National Geographic Society (9065-12)
University of Calgary Research Grant
Killam Foundation Enhancement Grant
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council Joseph-Armand Bombardier Canada Graduate Scholarship MA (766-2010-0317)
University of South Carolina
Walker Institute University of South Carolina
Article History
First Online: 4 September 2018
Compliance with Ethical Standards
: This research was conducted under ethics certificates issued by the Conjoint Faculties Research Ethics Board of the University of Calgary. Information was obtained with the informed and voluntary consent of all participants in the project. Permits to conduct research were obtained from the Ethiopian Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage (ARCCH) in Addis Ababa, the National Regional State of Tigrai Tourism Bureau in Mekelle, the Geological Survey of Ethiopia in Addis Ababa, and Woreda offices in Tahtai Maichow, Wukro Maray, Mezaba Zana, Enda Selassie (Shire), Adwa, Sinkata, and Tabia chairs for Mai Maghelta, Hadush Adi, Marium Agamat, Ra Ilhe, Yeha, Gendebta, Selekeleka, Hafken, and Lemate.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.