Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Price, Max https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9562-6580
Ager, Ellie
Kovarovic, Kris https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6056-4591
Kusimba, Sibel
Kusimba, Chapurukha M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1344-2161
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (SBR 9024683)
National Science Foundation (BCS 9615291)
National Science Foundation (BCS 0352681)
National Science Foundation (BCS 0648762)
National Science Foundation (BCS-1030081)
National Endowment for the Humanities
Fulbright Association (Sr. Scholars Program 2002-3)
Fulbright Association (2012)
National Geographic Society (1996-1997)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 7 August 2025
Accepted: 6 February 2026
First Online: 21 March 2026
Declarations
:
: All archaeological fieldwork and data collection reported in this study were conducted in accordance with the laws and regulations of the Republic of Kenya and in compliance with international standards for ethical archaeological research, with the appropriate permits and approvals from relevant national and local authorities. Excavation and sampling at Mtwapa were authorized by the National Museums of Kenya under permit numbers: 0P/13/001/25C 86; MHE & T 13/001/35C264, and NCST/5/C/002/E/543. Zooarchaeological analysis followed best practices promoted by the International Council for Archaeozoology (ICAZ), including careful documentation, minimization of destructive sampling, and adherence to national and local regulations. No human remains were studied.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
