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Authors
Xu, Tianya
Liu, Chuanba
Mu, Jiayang
Wang, Pengbo
Ma, WenJuan
Jian, Xiqi
Yang, Jiumin
Zhang, Yanqiu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82272125)
Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin Municipality (24JCQNJC01360)
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Article History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 13 November 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
: All authors whose names appear on the submission approved the version to be published and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
: This study involved non-invasive A-mode ultrasound data acquisition from healthy adult volunteers. All participants provided written informed consent prior to their inclusion. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital (Approval No: bc20253527). The study procedures complied with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. No physical intervention or medical treatment was involved, and no personally identifiable information was collected.
