DeAngelo, Samantha https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0754-2045
Culiver, Adam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-6114
Le Flao, Enora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0006-0244
Shoaf, Nick
Doshi, Durshil
Tracy, Ryan
Aryeetey, Nii-Ayi
Quatrale, Anna
Smith, Carly https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5901-0745
Ma, Jianing
Pan, Jeff https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2342-3212
Yang, Jingzhen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4019-0999
Rose, Sean C https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-7715
Onate, James https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1563-6661
Edwards, Nathan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3865-0757
Saygin, Zeynep https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2191-0340
Caccese, Jaclyn B. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2329-3603
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD110401)
Article History
Received: 10 July 2025
Accepted: 15 January 2026
First Online: 23 January 2026
Declarations
:
: No conflicts to report.
: This study was approved by The Ohio State University Institutional Review Board (IRB #2021H0083). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the IRB and with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants (assent) and parents or legal guardians (consent) prior to their participation in the study.
: Participants provided written assent and parents or legal guardians provided written parental consent prior to participation.