Funding for this research was provided by:
RIKEN (hp240220)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22H00190)
The University of Tokyo
Article History
Received: 25 September 2025
Accepted: 26 January 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This research was conducted under the framework of the JSPS KAKENHI project (22H00190) and was approved by the ethics committees of the participating institutions, including the University of Tokyo. Informed consent was obtained from all patients at each hospital. The medical data used in this study were reviewed and approved separately by the ethics committees of the University of Tokyo. Personal information was protected through anonymization of medical images and management with coded identifiers. All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests related to this work.