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Article History

Received: 22 May 2025

Accepted: 2 November 2025

First Online: 7 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This meta-synthesis was conducted using data extracted from previously published studies. Ethical approval was not applicable to the present study. Some of the included studies explicitly reported having received approval from ethics committees, while others did not provide such information. This inconsistency in ethical reporting is acknowledged as a limitation and has been considered during quality assessment and interpretation of the findings.

: No new data were collected from human participants. Informed consent procedures were explicitly described in some of the included studies, whereas others lacked such information. This limitation was considered during the appraisal of methodological quality and is discussed in the manuscript.

: Not applicable. This research involved no direct recruitment of participants and relied solely on published qualitative data.

: The authors declare no competing interests.