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Authors
Stergiopoulos, Erene https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8039-872X
Jain, Neera R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2931-2740
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Auckland
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Article History
Received: 18 June 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved as exempt by the University of Michigan Institutional Review Board (HUM00258874, September 2023), and was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Belmont Report (1979) and the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Participants provided written informed consent to participate in the Year Two Questionnaire, and were informed that their responses may be used in de-identified format by AAMC or other medical education researchers according to AAMC policies and procedures.
: This material is based upon data provided by the Association of American Medical Colleges (“AAMC”). The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the AAMC. The opinions, results, and conclusions herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the funding sources.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
