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Authors
Ngugi, Sophia M. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4976-5096
Echoka, Elizabeth
Were, Vincent
Thuo, Nicholas
Ogello, Vallery
Muteti, Nelson
Mwangi, Paul
Kazungu, Jacob
Ngure, Kenneth
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Merck (MISP 61171)
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Article History
Accepted: 7 October 2025
First Online: 27 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no competing interests that are relevant to the content of this article.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical tenets outlined in the Declaration of. Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) Scientific and Ethics Review Unit (KEMRI/SERU/CPHR/49/4647). Additionally, permission to conduct the study was granted by the National Commission for Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kenya.
: Informed consent was obtained from all study participants before data collection, and participants were identified only by unique codes.
