Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Nolte, Robin https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2975-6378
Pomarlan, Mihai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1304-581X
Janssen, Ayden https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5301-4405
Beßler, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-5743
Javanmardi, Kamyar https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6077-1114
Jongebloed, Sascha https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3964-9597
Porzel, Robert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-2921
Bateman, John https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8542-0730
Beetz, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7888-7444
Malaka, Rainer https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6463-4828
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universität Bremen
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 4 August 2025
Accepted: 2 August 2026
First Online: 27 August 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: Nine authors (R.N., M.P., A.J., D.B., S.J., R.P., J.B., M.B., and R.M.) are current or former principal investigators or employees of the Collaborative Research Center 1320 “EASE” at the University of Bremen (cf. the Funding), which develops and evaluates the CRAM cognitive architecture. This review includes one of our authored CRAM reports (Nolte et al. ), resulting in a professional and reputational interest. We have no other conflict of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
Study information: This review was not prospectively registered, and no formal protocol was prepared. This was a deliberate decision to retain methodological flexibility: fixing a rigid protocol in advance would have constrained the explorative synthesis. Although largely narrative in nature, key analytical procedures (e.g., the later addition of many visualisations) only emerged as suitable after charting of the qualitative data.
