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Authors
Xu, Yingnan https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8296-0850
Wu, Xuchun
Li, Zhenjun
Liu, Congli
Zhang, Yansheng
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Article History
Received: 15 July 2025
Accepted: 11 September 2025
First Online: 3 October 2025
Compliance and Ethics
: The data used in this study consist of masked customer transaction and asset records from Qilu Bank, a commercial bank headquartered in Jinan, Shandong, China. Due to contractual confidentiality obligations and privacy regulations, the dataset is not publicly available. All data were anonymized and analyzed under appropriate institutional agreements and ethical guidelines. No personal identifiers were used, and no individuals were contacted or affected by the study.
