Hassan, Siti Nazihahasma https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5263-1654
Ahmad, Farizan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6413-7530
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Article History
Received: 24 September 2025
Accepted: 3 January 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.