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Authors
Barreto, André https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8533-1754
Peixoto, Diogo
Fajardo, Carlos
Pires, Sílvia
Pinto, Wilson
Rocha, Rui J. M.
Conceição, Luís E. C.
Costas, Benjamín
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UI/BD/150900/2021, 2020.00290.CEECIND)
NextGenerationEU (2021-067/PN/MS-RECUAL/CD.)
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Article History
Received: 1 May 2025
Accepted: 28 June 2025
First Online: 28 July 2025
Declarations
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: All activities were undertaken within the clear boundaries of national and EU legal frameworks directed by qualified scientists/technicians and conducted according to the European guidelines on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes (Directive 2010/63/UE of the European Parliament and on the European Union Council) and under strict monitoring and control of DGAV—(Direção Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária), Animal Welfare Division, which is the competent authority responsible for implementing the legislation on the “protection of animals used for scientific purposes” in Portugal. No approval of research ethics committees was required to accomplish the goals of this study because experimental work was conducted with an unregulated invertebrate species.
: During this study, A.B. and R.J.M.R. worked for Riasearch Lda, while W.P. and L.C. worked for Sparos Lda. The remaining authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. The views expressed in this work are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of any third party.
